Guidelines on the Risk Management of Commercial Banks’ Information Technology ——附加英文版
China Banking Regulatory Commission
Guidelines on the Risk Management of Commercial Banks’ Information Technology
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1. Pursuant to the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Banking Regulation and Supervision, the Law of the People's Republic of China on Commercial Banks, the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Administration of Foreign-funded Banks, and other applicable laws and regulations, the Guidelines on the Risk Management of Commercial Banks’ Information Technology (hereinafter referred to as the Guidelines) is formulated.
Article 2. The Guidelines apply to all the commercial banks legally incorporated within the territory of the People’s Republic of China.
The Guidelines may apply to other banking institutions including policy banks, rural cooperative banks, urban credit cooperatives, rural credit cooperatives, village banks, loan companies, financial asset management companies, trust and investment companies, finance firms, financial leasing companies, automobile financial companies and money brokers.
Article 3. The term “information technology” stated in the Guidelines shall refer to the system built with computer, communication and software technologies, and employed by commercial banks to handle business transactions, operation management, and internal communication, collaborative work and controls. The term also include IT governance, IT organization structure and IT policies and procedures.
Article 4. The risk of information technology refers to the operational risk, legal risk and reputation risk that are caused by natural factor, human factor, technological loopholes or management deficiencies when using information technology.
Article 5. The objective of information system risk management is to establish an effective mechanism that can identify, measure, monitor, and control the risks of commercial banks’ information system, ensure data integrity, availability, confidentiality and consistency, provide the relevant early warning, and thereby enable commercial banks’ business innovations, uplift their capability in utilizing information technology, improve their core competitiveness and capacity for sustainable development.
Chapter II IT governance
Article 6. The legal representative of commercial bank should be responsible to ensure compliance of this guideline.
Article 7. The board of directors of commercial banks should have the following responsibilities with respect to the management of information systems:
(1) Implementing and complying with the national laws, regulations and technical standards pertaining to the management of information systems, as well as the regulatory requirements set by the China Banking Regulatory Commission (hereinafter referred to as the “CBRC”);
(2) Periodically reviewing the alignment of IT strategy with the overall business strategies and significant policies of the bank, assessing the overall effectiveness and efficiency of the IT organization.
(3) Approving IT risk management strategies and policies, understanding the major IT risks involved, setting acceptable levels for these risks, and ensuring the implementation of the measures necessary to identify, measure, monitor and control these risks.
(4) Setting high ethical and integrity standards, and establishing a culture within the bank that emphasizes and demonstrates to all levels of personnel the importance of IT risk management.
(5) Establishing an IT steering committee which consists of representatives from senior management, the IT organization, and major business units, to oversee these responsibilities and report the effectiveness of strategic IT planning, the IT budget and actual expenditure, and the overall IT performance to the board of directors and senior management periodically.
(6) Establishing IT governance structure, proper segregation of duty, clear role and responsibility, maintaining check and balances and clear reporting relationship. Strengthening IT professional staff by developing incentive program.
(7) Ensuring that there is an effective internal audit of the IT risk management carried out by operationally independent, well-trained and qualified staff. The internal audit report should be submitted directly to the IT audit committee;
(8) Submitting an annual report to the CBRC and its local offices on information system risk management that has been reviewed and approved by the board of directors ;
(9) Ensuring the appropriating funding necessary for IT risk management works;
(10) Ensuring that all employees of the bank fully understand and adhere to the IT risk management policies and procedures approved by the board of directors and the senior management, and are provided with pertinent training.
(11) Ensuring customer information, financial information, product information and core banking system of the legal entity are held independently within the territory, and complying with the regulatory on-site examination requirements of CBRC and guarding against cross-border risk.
(12) Reporting in a timely manner to the CBRC and its local offices any serious incident of information systems or unexpected event, and quickly respond to it in accordance with the contingency plan;
(13) Cooperating with the CBRC and its local offices in the supervisory inspection of the risk management of information systems, and ensure that supervisory opinions are followed up; and
(14) Performing other related IT risk management tasks.
Article 8. The head of the IT organization, commonly known as the Chief Information Officer (CIO) should report directly to the president. Roles and responsibilities of the CIO should include the following:
(1) Playing a direct role in key decisions for the business development involving the use of IT in the bank;
(2) The CIO should ensure that information systems meet the needs of the bank, and IT strategies, in particular information system development strategies, comply with the overall business strategies and IT risk management policies of the bank;
(3) The CIO should also be responsible for the establishment of an effective and efficient IT organization to carry out the IT functions of the bank. These include the IT budget and expenditure, IT risk management, IT policies, standards and procedures, IT internal controls, professional development, IT project initiatives, IT project management, information system maintenance and upgrade, IT operations, IT infrastructure, Information security, disaster recovery plan (DRP), IT outsourcing, and information system retirement;
(4) Ensuring the effectiveness of IT risk management throughout the organization including all branches.
(5) Organizing professional trainings to improve technical proficiency of staff.
(6) Performing other related IT risk management tasks.
Article 9. Commercial banks should ensure that a clear definition of the IT organization structure and documentation of all job descriptions of important positions are always in place and updated in a timely manner. Staff in each position should meet relevant requirements on professional skills and knowledge. The following risk mitigation measures should be incorporated in the management program of related staff:
(1) Verification of personal information including confirmation of personal identification issued by government, academic credentials, prior work experience, professional qualifications;
(2) Ensuring that IT staff can meet the required professional ethics by checking character reference;
(3) Signing of agreements with employees about understanding of IT policies and guidelines, non-disclosure of confidential information, authorized use of information systems, and adherence to IT policies and procedures; and
(4) Evaluation of the risk of losing key IT personnel, especially during major IT development stage or in a period of unstable IT operations, and the relevant risk mitigation measures such as staff backup arrangement and staff succession plan.
Article 10. Commercial banks should establish or designate a particular department for IT risk management. It should report directly to the CIO and the Chief Risk Officer (or risk management committee), serve as a member of the IT incident response team, and be responsible for coordinating the establishment of policies regarding IT risk management, especially the areas of information security, BCP, and compliance with the CBRC regulations, advising the business departments and IT department in implementing these policies, providing relevant compliance information, conducting on-going assessment of IT risks, and ensuring the follow-up of remediation advice, monitoring and escalating management of IT threats and non-compliance events.
Article 11. Commercial banks should establish a special IT audit role and responsibility within internal audit function, which should put in place IT audit policies and procedures, develop and execute IT audit plan.
Article 12. Commercial banks should put in place policies and procedures to protect intellectual property rights according to laws regarding intellectual properties, ensure purchase of legitimate software and hardware, prevention of the use of pirated software, and the protection of the proprietary rights of IT products developed by the bank, and ensure that these are fully understood and complied by all employees.
Article 13. Commercial banks should, in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, disclose the risk profile of their IT normatively and timely.
Chapter III IT Risk Management
Article 14. Commercial banks should formulate an IT strategy that aligns with the overall business plan of the bank, IT risk assessment plan and an IT operational plan that can ensure adequate financial resources and human resources to maintain a stable and secure IT environment.
Article 15. Commercial banks should put in place a comprehensive set of IT risk management policies that include the following areas:
(1) Information security classification policy
(2) System development, testing and maintenance policy
(3) IT operation and maintenance policy
(4) Access control policy
(5) Physical security policy
(6) Personnel security policy
(7) Business Continuity Planning and Crisis and Emergency Management procedure
Article 16. Commercial banks should maintain an ongoing risk identification and assessment process that allows the bank to pinpoint the areas of concern in its information systems, assess the potential impact of the risks on its business, rank the risks, and prioritize mitigation actions and the necessary resources (including outsourcing vendors, product vendors and service vendors).
Article 17. Commercial banks should implement a comprehensive set of risk mitigation measures complying with the IT risk management policies and commensurate with the risk assessment of the bank. These mitigation measures should include:
(1) A set of clearly documented IT risk policies, technical standards, and operational procedures, which should be communicated to the staff frequently and kept up to date in a timely manner;
(2) Areas of potential conflicts of interest should be identified, minimized, and subject to careful, independent monitoring. Also it requires that an appropriate control structure is set up to facilitate checks and balances, with control activities defined at every business level, which should include:
- Top level reviews;
- Controls over physical and logical access to data and system;
- Access granted on “need to know” and “minimum authorization” basis;
- A system of approvals and authorizations; and
- A system of verification and reconciliation.
Article 18. Commercial banks should put in place a set of ongoing risk measurement and monitoring mechanisms, which should include
(1) Pre and post-implementation review of IT projects;
(2) Benchmarks for periodic review of system performance;
(3) Reports of incidents and complaints about IT services;
(4) Reports of internal audit, external audit, and issues identified by CBRC; and
(5) Arrangement with vendors and business units for periodic review of service level agreements (SLAs).
(6) The possible impact of new development of technology and new threats to software deployed.
(7) Timely review of operational risk and management controls in operation area.
(8) Assess the risk profile on IT outsourcing projects periodically.
Article 19. Chinese commercial banks operating offshore and the foreign commercial banks in China should comply with the relevant regulatory requirements on information systems in and outside the People’s Republic of China.
Chapter IV Information Security
Article 20. Information technology department of commercial banks should oversee the establishment of an information classification and protection scheme. All employees of the bank should be made aware of the importance of ensuring information confidentiality and provided with the necessary training to fully understand the information protection procedures within their responsibilities.
Article 21. Commercial banks should put in place an information security management function to develop and maintain an ongoing information security management program, promote information security awareness, advise other IT functions on security issues, serve as the leader of IT incident response team, and report the evaluation of the information security of the bank to the IT steering committee periodically. The Information security management program should include Information security standards, strategy, an implementation plan, and an ongoing maintenance plan.
Information security policy should include the following areas:
(1) IT security policy management
(2) Organization information security
(3) Asset management
(4) Personnel security
(5) Physical and environment security
(6) Communication and operation security
(7) Access control and authentication
(8) Acquirement, development and maintenance of information system
(9) Information security event management
(10) Business continuity management
(11) Compliance
Article 22. Commercial banks should have an effective process to manage user authentication and access control. Access to data and system should be strictly limited to authorized individuals whose identity is clearly established, and their activities in the information systems should be limited to the minimum required for their legitimate business use. Appropriate user authentication mechanism commensurate with the classification of information to be accessed should be selected. Timely review and removal of user identity from the system should be implemented when user transfers to a new job or leave the commercial bank.
Article 23. Commercial banks should ensure all physical security zones, such as computer centers or data centers, network closets, areas containing confidential information or critical IT equipment, and respective accountabilities are clearly defined, and appropriate preventive, detective, and recuperative controls are put in place.
Article 24. Commercial banks should divide their networks into logical security domains (hereinafter referred to as the “domain”) with different levels of security. The following security factors have to be assessed in order to define and implement effective security controls, such as physical or logical segregation of network, network filtering, logical access control, traffic encryption, network monitoring, activity log, etc., for each domain and the whole network.
(1) criticality of the applications and user groups within the domain;
(2) Access points to the domain through various communication channels;
(3) Network protocols and ports used by the applications and network equipment deployed within the domain;
(4) Performance requirement or benchmark;
(5) Nature of the domain, i.e. production or testing, internal or external;
(6) Connectivity between various domains; and
(7) Trustworthiness of the domain.
Article 25. Commercial banks should secure the operating system and system software of all computer systems by
(1) Developing baseline security requirement for each operating system and ensuring all systems meet the baseline security requirement;
(2) Clearly defining a set of access privileges for different groups of users, namely, end-users, system development staff, computer operators, and system administrators and user administrators;
(3) Setting up a system of approval, verification, and monitoring procedures for using the highest privileged system accounts;
(4) Requiring technical staff to review available security patches, and report the patch status periodically; and
(5) Requiring technical staff to include important items such as unsuccessful logins, access to critical system files, changes made to user accounts, etc. in system logs, monitors the systems for any abnormal event manually or automatically, and report the monitoring periodically.
Article 26. Commercial banks should ensure the security of all the application systems by
(1) Clearly defining the roles and responsibilities of end-users and IT staff regarding the application security;
(2) Implementing a robust authentication method commensurate with the criticality and sensibility of the application system;
(3) Enforcing segregation of duties and dual control over critical or sensitive functions;
(4) Requiring verification of input or reconciliation of output at critical junctures;
(5) Requiring the input and output of confidential information are handled in a secure manner to prevent theft, tampering, intentional leakage, or inadvertent leakage;
(6) Ensuring system can handle exceptions in a predefined way and provide meaningful message to users when the system is forced to terminate; and
(7) Maintaining audit trail in either paper or electronic format.
(8) Requiring user administrator to monitor and review unsuccessful logins and changes to users accounts.
Article 27. Commercial banks should have a set of policies and procedures controlling the logging of activities in all production systems to support effective auditing, security forensic analysis, and fraud prevention. Logging can be implemented in different layers of software and on different computer and networking equipment, which falls into two broad categories:
(1) Transaction journals. They are generated by application software and database management system, and contain authentication attempts, modification to data, error messages, etc. Transaction journals should be kept according to the national accounting policy.
(2) System logs. They are generated by operating systems, database management system, firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and routers, etc., and contain authentication attempts, system events, network events, error messages, etc. System logs should be kept for a period scaled to the risk classification, but no less than one year.
Banks should ensure that sufficient items be included in the logs to facilitate effective internal controls, system troubleshooting, and auditing while taking appropriate measures to ensure time synchronization on all logs. Sufficient disk space should be allocated to prevent logs from being overwritten. System logs should be reviewed for any exception. The review frequency and retention period for transaction logs or database logs should be determined jointly by IT organization and pertinent business lines, and approved by the IT steering committee.
Article 28. Commercial banks should have the capacity to employ encryption technologies to mitigate the risk of losing confidential information in the information systems or during its transmission. Appropriate management processes of the encryption facilities should be put in place to ensure that
(1) Encryption facilities in use should meet national security standards or requirements;
(2) Staff in charge of encryption facilities are well trained and screened;
(3) Encryption strength is adequate to protect the confidentiality of the information; and
(4) Effective and efficient key management procedures, especially key lifecycle management and certificate lifecycle management, are in place.
Article 29. Commercial banks should put in place an effective and efficient system of securing all end-user computing equipment which include desktop personal computers (PCs), portable PCs, teller terminals, automatic teller machines (ATMs), passbook printers, debit or credit card readers, point of sale (POS) terminals, personal digital assistant (PDAs), etc and conduct periodic security checks on all equipments.
Article 30. Commercial banks should put in place a set of policies and procedures to govern the collection, processing, storage, transmission, dissemination, and disposal of customer information.
Article 31. All employees, including contract staff, should be provided with the necessary trainings to fully understand these policies procedures and the consequences of their violation. Commercial banks should adopt a zero tolerance policy against security violation.
Chapter V Application System Development, Testing and Maintenance
Article 32. Commercial banks should have the capability to identify, plan, acquire, develop, test, deploy, maintain, upgrade, and retire information systems. Policies and procedures should be in place to govern the initiation, prioritization, approval, and control of IT projects. Progress reports of major IT projects should be submitted to and reviewed by the IT steering committee periodically. Decisions involving significant change of schedule, change of key personnel, change of vendors, and major expenditures should be included in the progress report.
Article 33. Commercial banks should recognize the risks associated with IT projects, which include the possibilities of incurring various kinds of operational risk, financial losses, and opportunity costs stemming from ineffective project planning or inadequate project management controls of the bank. Therefore, appropriate project management methodologies should be adopted and implemented to control the risks associated with IT projects.
Article 34. Commercial banks should adopt and implement a system development methodology to control the life cycle of Information systems. The typical phases of system life cycle include system analysis, design, development or acquisition, testing, trial run, deployment, maintenance, and retirement. The system development methodology to be used should be commensurate with the size, nature, and complexity of the IT project, and, generally speaking, should facilitate the management of the following risks.
Article 35. Commercial banks should ensure system reliability, integrity, and maintainability by controlling system changes with a set of policies and procedures, which should include the following elements.
(1) Ensure that production systems are separated from development or testing systems;
(2) Separating the duties of managing production systems and managing development or testing systems;
(3) Prohibiting application development and maintenance staff from accessing production system under normal circumstances unless management approval is granted to perform emergency repair, and all emergency repair activities should be recorded and reviewed promptly;
(4) Promoting changes of program or system configuration from development and testing systems to production systems should be jointly approved by IT organization and business departments, properly documented, and reviewed periodically.
Article 36. Commercial banks should have in place a set of policies, standards, and procedures to ensure data integrity, confidentiality, and availability. These policies should be in accordance with data integrity amid IT development procedure.
Article 37. Commercial banks should ensure that Information system problems could be tracked, analyzed, and resolved systematically through an effective problem management process. Problems should be documented, categorized, and indexed. Support services or technical assistance from vendors, if necessary, should also be documented. Contacts and relevant contract information should be made readily available to the employees concerned. Accountability and line of command should be delineated clearly and communicated to all employees concerned, which is of utmost importance to performing emergency repair.
Article 38. Commercial banks should have a set of policies and procedures controlling the process of system upgrade. System upgrade is needed when the hardware reaches its lifespan or runs out of capacity, the underpinning software, namely, operating system, database management system, middleware, has to be upgraded, or the application software has to be upgraded. The system upgrade should be treated as a project and managed by all pertinent project management controls including user acceptance testing.
Chapter VI IT Operations
Article 39. Commercial banks should consider fully the environmental threats (e.g. proximity to natural disaster zones, dangerous or hazardous facilities or busy/major roads) when selecting the locations of their data centers. Physical and environmental controls should be implemented to monitor environmental conditions could affect adversely the operation of information processing facilities. Equipment facilities should be protected from power failures and electrical supply interference.
Article 40. In controlling access by third-party personnel (e.g. service providers) to secured areas, proper approval of access should be enforced and their activities should be closely monitored. It is important that proper screening procedures including verification and background checks, especially for sensitive technology-related jobs, are developed for permanent and temporary technical staff and contractors.
Article 41. Commercial banks should separate IT operations or computer center operations from system development and maintenance to ensure segregation of duties within the IT organization. The commercial banks should document the roles and responsibilities of data center functions.
Article 42. Commercial banks are required to retain transactional records in compliance with the national accounting policy. Procedures and technology are needed to be put in place to ensure the integrity, safekeeping and retrieval requirements of the archived data.
Article 43. Commercial banks should detail operational instructions such as computer operator tasks, job scheduling and execution in the IT operations manual. The IT operations manual should also cover the procedures and requirements for on-site and off-site backup of data and software in both the production and development environments (i.e. frequency, scope and retention periods of back-up).
Article 44. Commercial banks should have in place a problem management and processing system to respond promptly to IT operations incidents, to escalate reported incidents to relevant IT management staff and to record, analyze and keep tracks of all these incidents until rectification of the incidents with root cause analysis completed. A helpdesk function should be set up to provide front-line support to users on all technology-related problems and to direct the problems to relevant IT functions for investigation and resolution.
Article 45. Commercial banks should establish service level agreement and assess the IT service level standard attained.
Article 46. Commercial banks should implement a process to ensure that the performance of application systems is continuously monitored and exceptions are reported in a timely and comprehensive manner. The performance monitoring process should include forecasting capability to enable exceptions to be identified and corrected before they affect system performance.
Article 47. Commercial banks should carry out capacity plan to cater for business growth and transaction increases due to changes of economic conditions. Capacity plan should be extended to cover back-up systems and related facilities in addition to the production environment.
Article 48. Commercial banks should ensure the continued availability of technology related services with timely maintenance and appropriate system upgrades. Proper record keeping (including suspected and actual faults and preventive and corrective maintenance records) is necessary for effective facility and equipment maintenance.
Article 49. Commercial banks should have an effective change management process in place to ensure integrity and reliability of the production environment. Commercial banks should develop a formal change management process.
Chapter VII Business Continuity Management
Article 50. Commercial banks should have in place appropriate arrangements, having regard to the nature, scale and complexity of its business, to ensure that it can continue to function and meet its regulatory obligations in the event of an unforeseen interruption. These arrangements should be regularly updated and tested to ensure their effectiveness.
Article 51. Commercial banks should consider the likelihood and impact of a disruption to the continuity of its operation from unexpected events. This should include assessing the disruptions to which it is particularly susceptible including but not limited to:
(1) Loss of failure of internal and external resources (such as people, systems and other assets);
(2) The loss or corruption of its information; and
(3) External events (such as war, earthquake, typhoon, etc).
Article 52. Commercial bank should act to reduce both the likelihood of disruptions (including system resilience and dual processing); and the impact of disruptions (including by contingency arrangements and insurance).
Article 53. Commercial bank should document its strategy for maintaining continuity of its operations, and its plans for communicating and regularly testing the adequacy and effectiveness of this strategy. Commercial bank should establish:
(1) Formal business continuity plans that outline arrangements to reduce the impact of a short, medium and long-term disruption, including:
a) Resource requirements such as people, systems and other assets, and arrangements for obtaining these resources;
b) The recovery priorities for the commercial bank’s operations; and
c) Communication arrangements for internal and external concerned parties (including CBRC, clients and the press);
(2) Escalation and invocation plans that outline the processes for implementing the business continuity plans, together with relevant contact information;
(3) Processes to validate the integrity of information affected by the disruption;
(4) Processes to review and update (1) to (3) following changes to the commercial bank’s operations or risk profile.
Article 54. A final BCP plan and an annual drill result must be signed off by the IT Risk management, or internal auditor and IT Steering Committee.
Chapter VIII Outsourcing
Article 55. Commercial banks cannot contract out its regulatory obligations and should take reasonable care to supervise the discharge of outsourcing functions.
Article 56. Commercial banks should take particular care to manage material outsourcing arrangement (such as outsourcing of data center, IT infrastructure, etc.), and should notify CBRC when it intends to enter into material outsourcing arrangement.
Article 57. Before entering into, or significantly changing, an outsourcing arrangement, the commercial bank should:
(1) Analyze how the arrangement will fit with its organization and reporting structure; business strategy; overall risk profile; and ability to meet its regulatory obligations;
(2) Consider whether the arrangements will allow it to monitor and control its operational risk exposure relating to the outsourcing;
(3) Conduct appropriate due diligence of the service provider’s financial stability, expertise and risk assessment of the service provider, facilities and ability to cover the potential liabilities;
(4) Consider how it will ensure a smooth transition of its operations from its current arrangements to a new or changed outsourcing arrangement (including what will happen on the termination of the contract); and
(5) Consider any concentration risk implications such as the business continuity implications that may arise if a single service provider is used by several firms.
Article 58. In negotiating its contract with a service provider, the commercial bank should have regard to ( but not limited to ):
(1) Reporting and negotiation requirements it may wish to impose on the service provider;
(2) Whether sufficient access will be available to its internal auditors, external auditors and banking regulators;
(3) Information ownership rights, confidentiality agreements and Firewalls to protect client and other information (including arrangements at the termination of contract);
(4) The adequacy of any guarantees and indemnities;
(5) The extent to which the service provider must comply with the commercial bank’s polices and procedures covering IT Risk;
(6) The extent to which the service provider will provide business continuity for outsourced operations, and whether exclusive access to its resources is agreed;
(7) The need for continued availability of software following difficulty at a third party supplier;
(8) The processes for making changes to the outsourcing arrangement and the conditions under which the commercial bank or service provider can choose to change or terminate the outsourcing arrangement, such as where there is:
a) A change of ownership or control of the service provider or commercial bank; or
b) Significant change in the business operations of the service provider or commercial bank; or
c) Inadequate provision of services that may lead to the commercial bank being unable to meet its regulatory obligations.
Article 59. In implementing a relationship management framework, and drafting the service level agreement with the service provider, the commercial bank should have regarded to (but not limited to):
(1) The identification of qualitative and quantitative performance targets to assess the adequacy of service provision, to both the commercial bank and its clients, where appropriate;
(2) The evaluation of performance through service delivery reports and periodic self assessment and independent review by internal or external auditors; and
(3) Remediation action and escalation process for dealing with inadequate performance.
Article 60. The commercial bank should enhance IT related outsourcing management, in place following (not limited to ) measures to ensure data security of sensitive information such as customer information:
(1) Effectively separated from other customer information of the service provider;
(2) The related staff of service provider should be authorized on “need to know” and “minimum authorization” basis;
(3) Ensure service provider guarantee its staff for meeting the confidential requests;
(4) All outsourcing arrangements related to customer information should be identified as material outsourcing arrangements and the customers should be notified;
(5) Strictly monitor re-outsourcing actions of the service provider, and implement adequate control measures to ensure information security of the bank;
(6) Ensure all related sensitive information be refunded or deleted from the service provider’s storage when terminating the outsourcing arrangement.
Article 61. The commercial bank should ensure that it has appropriate contingency in the event of a significant loss of services from the service provider. Particular issues to consider include a significant loss of resources, turnover of key staff, or financial failure of, the service provider, and unexpected termination of the outsourcing agreement.
Article 62. All outsourcing contracts must be reviewed or signed off by IT Risk management, internal IT auditors, legal department and IT Steering Committee. There should be a process to periodically review and refine the service level agreements.
Chapter IX Internal Audit
Article 63. Depending on the nature, scale and complexity of its business, it may be appropriate for the commercial banks to delegate much of the task of monitoring the appropriateness and effectiveness of its systems and controls to an internal audit function. An internal audit function should be adequately resourced and staffed by competent individuals, be independent of the day-to-day activities of the commercial bank and have appropriate access to the bank’s records.
Article 64. The responsibilities of the internal IT audit function are:
(1) To establish, implement and maintain an audit plan to examine and evaluate the adequacy and effectiveness of the bank’s systems and internal control mechanisms and arrangements;
(2) To issue recommendations based on the result of work carried out in accordance with 1;
(3) To verify compliance with those recommendations;
(4) To carry out special audit on information technology. The term “special audit” of information technology refers to the investigation, analysis and assessment on the security incidents of the information system, or the audit performed on a special subject based on IT risk assessment result as deemed necessary by the audit department.
Article 65. Based on the nature, scale and complexity of its business, deployment of information technology and IT risk assessment, commercial banks could determine the scope and frequency of IT internal audit. However, a comprehensive IT internal audit shall be performed at a minimum once every 3 years.
Article 66. Commercial banks should engage its internal audit department and IT Risk management department when implementing system development of significant size and scale to ensure it meets the IT Risk standards of the Commercial banks.
Chapter X External Audit
Article 67. The external information technology audit of commercial banks can be carried out by certified service providers in accordance with laws, rules and regulations.
Article 68. The commercial bank should ensure IT audit service provider to review and examine bank’s hardware, software, documentation and data to identify IT risk when they are commissioned to perform the audit. Vital commercial and technical information which is protected by national laws and regulations should not be reviewed.
Article 69. Commercial bank should communicate with the service provider in depth before the audit to determine audit scope, and should not withhold the truth or do not corporate with the service provider intentionally.
Article 70. CBRC and its local offices could designate certified service providers to carry out IT audit or related review on commercial banks when needed. When carrying out audit on commercial banks, as commissioned or authorized by CBRC or its local offices, the service providers shall present the letter of authority, and carry out the audit in accordance to the scope prescribed in the letter of authority.
Article 71. Once the IT audit report produced by the service providers is reviewed and approved by CBRC or its local offices, the report will have the same legal status as if it is produced by the CBRC itself. Commercial banks should come up with a correction action plan prescribed in the report and implement the corrective actions according to the timeframe.
Article 72. Commercial banks should ensure the service providers to strictly comply with laws and regulations to keep confidential and data security of any commercial secrets and private information learnt and IT risk information when conducting the audit. The service provider should not modify copy or take away any documents provided by the commercial banks.
Chapter XI Supplementary Provisions
Article 73. Commercial banks with no board of directors should have their operating decision-making bodies perform the responsibilities of the board with regard to IT risk management specified herein.
Article 74. The China Banking Regulatory Commission supervises and regulates the IT risk management of commercial banks under its authority by law.
Article 75. The power of interpretation and modification of the Guidelines shall rest with the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 76. The Guidelines shall become effective as of the date of its issuance and the former Guidelines on the Risk Management of Banking Institutions’ Information Systems shall be revoked at the same time.
产地水产品质量安全监督抽查工作暂行规定
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二〇〇九年三月十三日
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农办渔〔2009〕18号.CEB
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产地水产品质量安全监督抽查工作暂行规定
第一章 总 则
第一条 为加强产地水产品质量安全监督管理，规范水产品质量安全监督抽查工作，确保监督抽查工作的科学性、有效性、公正性，根据《渔业法》、《农产品质量安全法》、《食品安全法》、《兽药管理条例》及有关法律、行政法规的规定，制定本规定。
第二条 本规定中的监督抽查是指对产地水产品及苗种质量安全状况进行抽样监测，并对抽查结果进行处理和发布的活动。
第三条 农业部依法组织的产地水产品质量安全监督抽查应遵守本规定。
第四条 农业部负责监督抽查工作计划的制定、下达、组织管理和监督检查。地方渔业行政主管部门及其所属的渔政监督管理机构负责抽样及执法工作的组织实施。农业部指定的质检机构负责样品检测工作，并对抽样工作提供技术支持。
中国水产科学研究院协助农业部渔业局组织监督抽查的实施并负责相关技术工作。
第五条 监督抽查结果由农业部负责对外公布，其他任何机构和个人未经授权，不得对外公布。
第六条 监督抽查不得向被抽检单位收取任何费用。
第二章 抽 样
第七条 农业部渔业局建立产地水产品监督抽查生产单位数据库，省级（含计划单列市，下同）渔业行政主管部门应对库内本辖区的生产单位名单及时更新。
县级以上渔业行政主管部门应建立本辖区内的水产品生产单位数据库。
第八条 根据监督抽查实施方案，被抽检单位名单由农业部渔业局从数据库中随机抽取，并通知省级渔业行政主管部门。
第九条 省级渔业行政主管部门根据农业部渔业局确定的名单负责组织实施抽样工作。质检机构负责抽样现场的技术支持。抽样人员中持有渔业执法证件的渔业行政主管部门及其所属的渔政监督管理机构人员（以下简称执法人员）不少于2名（含2名，下同）。
第十条 抽样应在生产现场进行。每个被抽检单位抽取的样品不得多于2个，同一池（塘）或网箱只能抽取1个样品。
第十一条 抽样人员在抽样前应向被抽查人出示农业部有关文件或《农业部产地水产品质量安全监督抽查任务通知书》(样式见附件1，盖章有效)，以及抽样人员的有效证件，并将《农业部产地水产品质量安全监督抽查被抽检单位须知》（样式见附件2）提交给被抽检单位。
第十二条 被抽检单位应配合监督抽查工作。无正当理由，经抽样人员劝说后仍不接受抽查的，执法人员应现场填写《农业部产地水产品质量安全监督抽查拒检认定表》（样式见附件3），由质检机构人员和不少于2名执法人员签字后及时向农业部渔业局报告。
第十三条 组织实施抽样工作的单位应完整填写《农业部产地水产品质量安全监督抽查抽样单》（样式见附件4），并由质检机构人员、被抽检单位负责人和不少于2名执法人员共同签字或盖章。
抽样单由质检机构按规定样式自制。每次填写一式三份，省级渔业行政主管部门、质检机构和被抽检单位各留存一份。
第十四条 抽取的样品应现场制样（分割、混合），并按检测用样和备份用样分别包装。
第十五条 封样必须现场进行。封样单（样式见附件5）经质检机构人员、被抽检单位负责人和不少于2名执法人员共同签字确认有效。封样单由质检机构按规定样式自制，要确保封样单不可二次使用。
第十六条 抽取的样品包装、加封查验无误后，由渔业行政主管部门负责在适宜的条件下进行保存，防止变质，并协助运送至质检机构。
第十七条 抽样组织单位应按抽检当日抽检品种市场平均零售价向被抽检单位现场支付样品补偿费，并索要有效发票。被抽检单位确实无法提供发票的，应填制《农业部产地水产品监督抽查抽样付费专用单》（样式见附件6），并由质检机构人员、被抽检单位和执法人员三方签字确认后作为报销凭证。
第十八条 被抽检单位遇有下列情况之一的，可以拒绝接受抽查：
（一）抽样工作内容与农业部文件不符的；
（二）抽样相关材料不齐全的或抽样人员不能出具有效身份证明的；
（三）执法人员少于2人的。
第十九条 由于客观原因导致无样品可抽的，被抽检单位必须出具书面证明材料，抽样人员应当签字确认，并向农业部渔业局报告。
第三章 检 测
第二十条 质检机构应通过省级以上计量认证和审查认可，具有同监督抽查任务相适应的承检能力、范围、仪器设备和检测人员。质检机构个别检测参数没有通过能力认证的，应委托具有该参数检测资质的质检机构承检并出具报告。
第二十一条 质检机构应通过农业部渔业局组织的检测能力验证。
第二十二条 质检机构应当制定有关样品的验收、入库、领用、检验、保存及处理的程序，并严格按程序规定执行。备份样品应当在检测结果上报后继续保留三个月。
第二十三条 质检机构应按照监督抽查方案中规定的方法和判定依据进行检测和结果判定。
第二十四条 检验过程中遇有样品失效或者其他情况致使检验无法进行时，必须如实填写《农业部产地水产品质量安全监督抽查样品特殊处理报告书》(样式见附件7)，附加充分的证明材料，分别向农业部渔业局和被抽检单位所在地省级渔业主管部门报告。
第四章 报 告
第二十五条 检验发现阳性或超标样品的，质检机构应在检验结束后48小时内将《农业部产地水产品质量安全监督抽查不合格结果通知单》（下称《不合格结果通知单》，样式见附件8）和检验报告以特快专递寄出（以寄出当日邮戳为准）或传真至农业部渔业局和省级渔业行政主管部门，并抄送农业部渔政指挥中心。检验结果合格的，质检机构应在完成检验后20个工作日内将检验报告一式两份寄送省级渔业行政主管部门，并由其转送被抽检单位一份。
第二十六条 检验报告内容必须齐全，检验项目和依据必须清楚，并与抽查方案相一致。检验原始记录必须如实填写，保证真实、准确、清楚，不得随意涂改，并妥善保留备查。
第二十七条 质检机构在完成抽检工作后，应按监督抽查方案规定的要求将工作总结报告、检验结果汇总表报送农业部渔业局和中国水产科学研究院，并及时将检验结果详细数据录入水产品质量安全检验检测信息管理系统。中国水产科学研究院应在规定时限内完成监督抽查汇总分析报告，并及时报送农业部渔业局。
第五章 复 检
第二十八条 被抽检单位对监督抽查检验结果有异议的，应在收到《不合格结果通知单》之日起5个工作日（以传真或当地邮戳为准） 内，通过省级渔业行政主管部门向农业部渔业局提出书面复检申请并提交相关说明材料，同时抄送质检机构。逾期不申请的视为认同检验结果。
第二十九条 农业部渔业局收到复检申请后，经审查认为有必要复检的，应在5个工作日内通知原承检质检机构和复检申请人。
第三十条 复检工作由农业部渔业局指定不同于原承检机构的质检机构或参考实验室承担。复检时使用备份用样，经复检申请人和承担复检工作的质检机构复核后签字确认。复检申请人因故不能到现场的，可以书面委托他人到现场进行确认，或者做出书面声明，认可质检机构使用的备份用样的有效性。
第三十一条 复检费用由复检申请人垫付。复检判定结果与原检验判定结果一致的，复检费用由复检申请人承担。复检判定结果与原检验判定结果不一致的，复检费用由原质检机构承担。
第三十二条 承担复检的质检机构应在收到复检样品10个工作日内完成复检，并填写《农业部产地水产品质量安全监督抽查复检结果报告书》（样式见附件9），连同检验报告以特快专递（以当地邮戳为准）或传真报送农业部渔业局和省级渔业行政主管部门（各两份）。省级渔业行政主管部门应及时告知申请复检单位复检结论，并转送复检报告。
第六章 结果处理
第三十三条 省级渔业行政主管部门在收到《不合格结果通知单》及检验报告后，应立即填写《农业部产地水产品质量安全监督抽查不合格结果送达通知单》（样式见附件10），送达被抽检单位，同时组织渔政监督管理机构立案调查，禁止不合格产品转移和上市销售。在被抽检单位认可不合格结果，或者不合格结果经复检确证后，应于20个工作日内进行查处，并将查处结果及时上报农业部渔业局和农业部渔政指挥中心。
第三十四条 对检出的不合格水产品，当地渔业行政主管部门及其所属的渔政监督管理机构应责令生产单位进行无害化处理。不合格产品为获得认证产品的，由渔业行政主管部门建议有关部门取消有关认证证书。
第三十五条 不合格水产品经无害化处理后，生产单位可向省级渔业主管部门申请重新抽检，并支付抽检费用。检验结果合格的水产品允许上市，仍不合格的应由执法人员监督销毁，销毁费用由被抽检单位承担。
第三十六条 被抽检单位收到《不合格结果通知单》后仍销售不合格水产品的，由当地县级以上渔业行政主管部门及其所属的渔政监督管理机构依法从重处罚，并责令召回已经销售的不合格产品。
第三十七条 被抽检单位认可检验结果，或者检验结果经复检确证无误后，农业部在相关媒体上公布“合格”、“不合格”、“拒绝抽检”的被抽检单位名单。
第三十八条 省级渔业行政主管部门应建立违规生产单位黑名单制度，进行专库管理，加大监管和监测力度。
第七章 工作纪律
第三十九条 参与监督抽查的工作人员，必须严格遵守国家法律、法规的规定，严格执法、秉公执法，在规定时限内对被抽查的产品和企业名单保守秘密。
第四十条 抽样人员有下列行为的，抽样单位应及时进行调查，视情况停止有关抽样人员的工作，必要时予以调离或辞退，并按有关程序规定予以纠正，及时挽回已造成的影响。
（一）以其它样品代替被抽检单位样品，或者非现场抽样，或者未完整填写抽样单据导致无法追溯的，或者有其它弄虚作假行为的；
（二）由于工作失误，保存和输送样品出现质量问题导致样品无法检测的；
（三）利用抽检工作谋取个人利益的；
（四）法律法规规定的其他情况。
第四十一条 质检机构应如实上报检验结果，不得瞒报，并对检验结果负责。违反规定的，按《中华人民共和国农产品质量安全法》第四十四条规定执行。
第四十二条 质检机构不得利用监督抽查结果参与有偿活动。
第四十三条 有下列情形之一的，暂停质检机构承担农业部监督抽查任务资格：
（一）同一年度内检验能力验证结果两项次不合格的；
（二）检验过程出现重大失误、对后续执法造成严重影响的；
（三）无正当理由连续两次不能按时报送检验结果的；
（四）连续两次未按时向有关方面寄送检验报告的；
（五）发现抽样过程不规范或抽样人员市场购买样品等违规行为，未及时制止、也未向农业部渔业局和属地省级渔业行政主管部门及时反映的；
（六）违反法律规定的其他情形。
第四十四条 对于抽样过程中出现市场购样等弄虚作假、敷衍应付行为的，一经查实，农业部将进行通报批评。
第四十五条 未经农业部授权，其他任何单位和个人对外擅自公布或披露检验结果的，依法追究其有关责任。
第八章 附 则
第四十六条 本规定所称生产单位包括生产企业和个体养殖户。
第四十七条 地方水产品质量安全监督抽查工作可参照本规定执行。
第四十八条 本规定由农业部渔业局负责解释。
第四十九条 本规定自发布之日起实施。
